Selokhu yaqala ngo-1913, insimbi engagqwalile yaguqula imboni yokukhiqiza ngezici zayo ezimangalisayo nezicelo ezihlukahlukene. Amashidi ensimbi engagqwalile, ikakhulukazi, adlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwawo okuyingqayizivele kwamandla, ukumelana nokugqwala, nokukhanga okuhle. Ukuqina nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamashidi ensimbi engagqwalile kwenze kwaba yinto ekhethwayo kubakhiqizi abafuna ukwethembeka nokusebenza okuphezulu. I-Guangdong Shiji Feiyang Metal Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ibilokhu ihamba phambili ekuhlinzekeni ngezixazululo zamashidi ensimbi engagqwalile ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ihlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni ngokunemba nokuqamba okusha.

Ukuvela kwamashidi ensimbi engagqwalisi eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu kudale intuthuko enkulu ekwakhekeni kwawo nezinqubo zokucubungula, okwandise ukufaneleka kwawo ezidingweni zokukhiqiza zesimanje. Njengoba izimboni zandisa izidingo zazo zezinto ezihlanganisa ukusebenza nokusimama, amashidi ensimbi engagqwalisi ayaqhubeka nokuletha inani elingenakuqhathaniswa. Isandla sawo ekuphakamiseni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokusebenza kahle kokusebenza kuqinisekisa amashidi ensimbi engagqwalisi njengomgogodla ekukhiqizeni okuhle emhlabeni jikelele.

Ishidi lokucwebezela lensimbi liyisikhumba sensimbi esigoqwe ngendlela eyisicaba, equkethe okungenani u-10.5% we-chromium, okunikeza izakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zokumelana nokugqwala. Amashidi la ahlukaniswa ngokuba nendawo engaphezulu ebushelelezi, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala nokubola. Ukwakheka kwawo kuvame ukufaka izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezifana ne-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, ne-carbon, ezithinta izakhiwo zemishini nezamakhemikhali zamashidi okucwebezela lensimbi.

Ikwenziwa ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobukhulu, amashidi okucwebezela lensimbi asebenza njengento eyisisekelo yezinqubo eziningi zokukhiqiza. Ukusebenza kwawo okuhlukahlukene kuthuthukiswa yikhono lawo lokusika, ukugoba, ukushisela, nokuqedela ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zokukhiqiza. Ngokulungisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezindlela zokuqedela, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziningi, kusukela kumaphaneli omhlobiso kuya ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo.

Amashidi ensimbi engagqwali anikeza izinzuzo eziningana ezenza alungele ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini nasemisebenzini. Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ukumelana kwawo okungavamile nokugqwala. I-chromium esengxenyeni yakha ungqimba olungaphezulu oluvikela ukugqwala nokulimala kwamakhemikhali, okwenza la mashidi alungele izindawo ezinzima.

Ukuqina kungenye inzuzo enkulu. Amashidi ensimbi engagqwali agcina amandla awo emishini kanye nokubukeka kwawo isikhathi eside, ngisho noma esetshenziswa kakhulu. Leli thuluzi futhi linokumelana kahle nokushisa, okwenza likwazi ukusebenza kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amashidi ensimbi engagqwali anokuqedwa okuhle okungacwengwa noma kuxukutshwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuklama, okuthuthukisa kokubili ukusebenza kanye nokuma.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi ezicwebezelayo (stainless steel sheets) ezindaweni eziningi kubonisa ukuguquguquka kwazo. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, lezi zinsimbi zisetshenziswa kumathuluzi okuhlinzwa, imishini yasezibhedlela, kanye nasezindaweni ezidinga inhlanzeko ephezulu ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo zenhlanzeko nokuhambisana nokubulala amagciwane. Imboni yezimoto izuzwa ezinsimbi ezicwebezelayo ngezingxenye ezidinga amandla nokumelana nokugqwala, njengezinhlelo zokukhipha umusi kanye nezingxenye zokuhlobisa.

Ekukwakheni, amashidi ensimbi engagqwali anikela ekuphahleni uphahla, ukugqokisa izindonga, kanye nokusekelwa kwezakhiwo, ehlanganisa ukuqina nokubukeka okuhle. Umkhakha wokudla usebenzisa la mashidi kakhulu ezintweni zasekhishini, emishinini yokucubungula ukudla, kanye nezixazululo zokugcina ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlanzeko nokuphila isikhathi eside. Izicelo zezindiza zidinga izinto ezingamelana nezimo ezinzima; amashidi ensimbi engagqwali ahlinzeka ngamandla adingekayo nokumelana nokugqwala ezicelo ezibalulekile ezinjalo.

Ukwenziwa kwamatafula lensimbi engagqwalisi kuhilela izigaba eziningana eziqondile, ziqala ngokukhethwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa. Itshe lensimbi, i-chromium, i-nickel, nezinye izakhi zihlangene kuhhavini we-electric arc ukuze kukhiqizwe insimbi engagqwalisi encibilikile. Le nsipho encibilikile bese iyokhiswa ibe ama-slabs, bese iyagoqwa ngobushushu ibe amatafula amancane.

Ngemva kokuqengqeleza kushisa, amashidi enza i-annealing, ukwelashwa ngokushisa okuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka futhi kunciphise ingcindezi yangaphakathi. Izinqubo ze-pickling ne-passivation zisetshenziswa ukususa ukungcola okuphezulu nokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala. Izigaba zokugcina zihlanganisa ukuqengqeleza kubanda ukuze kufinyelelwe ubukhulu obufunayo kanye nokuqedwa, kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana namazinga. I-Guangdong Shiji Feiyang Metal Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokukhiqiza ukuletha amashidi ensimbi engagqwalisiwe esezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokungaguquguquki.

Ukubunjwa kwamakhemikhali kwamashidi ensimbi engagqwali kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni izici zawo nokufaneleka kwawo ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene. I-Chromium, isakhi esibalulekile sokuhlanganisa, sakha ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-oxide oluvimbela ukugqwala. I-Nickel yengeza uqine futhi ithuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinama-asidi. I-Molybdenum ithuthukisa ukumelana nokubola okubucayi nokubola okungena emihotsheni, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zemboni yasolwandle neyemishini.

I-carbon ithinta ubulukhuni namandla kodwa kufanele ilawulwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuzwela nokuncipha kokumelana nokugqwala. Ezinye izakhi ezifana ne-manganese, i-nitrogen, ne-silicon zingangezwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici zemishini nezokukhiqiza. Ukuqonda lezi zici zokwakheka kwenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukukhetha izinga elifanele kakhulu lamashidi ensimbi engagqwali ezidingweni zabo ezithile.

Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala kwamashidi ensimbi engagqwali kuvela ekwakhekeni komqhele omncane, ozinzile, futhi ozilungisayo ungqimba lwe-chromium oxide ebusweni. Lolu ungqimba oluzenzakalelayo lusebenza njengesivikelo, luvimbela umoya-mpilo nomswakama ukuthi kungangeni ensimbini. Uma lonakele, ungqimba luyazakha kabusha ngokushesha lapho kukhona umoya-mpilo, luqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuqhubekayo.

Izinto ezithinta imvelo njenge-pH, ukugxila kwe-chloride, kanye nezinga lokushisa kungathinta ukusebenza kwalolu ungqimba oluzenzakalelayo. Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zensimbi engagqwali ezinezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zenzelwe ukumelana nezimo ezinzima ngokuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokujiya kwefilimu yokuvikela. Lokhu kumelana nokugqwala okuyisisekelo kuyinto ebalulekile ezimbonini ezidinga izinto ezihlala isikhathi eside, ezingadingi ukugcinwa.

Amashidi ensimbi engagqwali atholakala ngezinhlobo eziningi, ngayinye ilungiselelwe izidingo ezithile zokusebenza. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa i-304, eyaziwa ngokumelana kwayo kahle nokubola kanye nokwakheka kwayo; i-316, equkethe i-molybdenum ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nama-chlorides; kanye ne-430, uhlobo lwe-ferritic oluthandwa kakhulu ezicelo zokuhlobisa ngenxa yokumelana kwayo kahle nokubola kanye nezakhiwo zayo zamagnetic.

Ukwakhethwa kwebanga ngalinye kuncike ezintweni ezifana nemvelo yokuchayeka, ingcindezi yemishini, nezindlela zokukhiqiza. Ngokwesibonelo, ibanga 304 lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokudla nemishini yezokwelapha, kanti ibanga 316 liyathandwa ezimbonini zasolwandle nezemishini yokucubungula amakhemikhali. Ukuqonda umehluko wamabanga kunika abakhiqizi amandla okwenza kahle ukusebenza komkhiqizo nesikhathi sokuphila kwawo.

Amashidi ensini yokuhlala abonisa izakhiwo zomzimba ezifana nokuminyana okulinganiselwa ku-7.9 g/cm³ kanye nephuzu lokuncibilika elisukela ku-1400°C kuya ku-1450°C, kuncike ekwakhekeni kwe-alloy. Lezi zakhiwo zinegalelo ekucatshangelweni kwesisindo sezinto kanye nokuzinza kwezinga lokushisa ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza.

Izakhiwo zemishini zihlanganisa ubulukhuni, amandla okudonsa, nokweluleka. Ubulukhuni buyehluka ngokwezinga nokucubungula, kuthinta ukumelana nokuguga nokulungiseka. Amandla okudonsa avame ukuba phakathi kuka-500 kuya ku-750 MPa, ahlinzeka ngokuqina okudingekayo ezinhlelweni zokwakha. Ukweluleka kuvumela amashidi ensimbi engagqwali ukuthi akhiwe futhi enziwe ngaphandle kokuqhekeka, okubalulekile ekwenzeni izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukukhiqiza amashidi ensipho engagqwali kuhlanganisa izindlela eziningi zokubumba nokuhlanganisa izinto njengoba kudingeka. Izindlela zokusika zihlanganisa ukusika, ukusika nge-laser, nokusika nge-waterjet, ahlinzeka ngokunemba futhi anciphisa ukuchitha izinto. Izinqubo zokugoqa nokubumba zibumba amashidi abe izimo ezifunwayo ngaphandle kokulimaza ukuqina komqambothi.

Amasu okubheka njenge-TIG ne-MIG asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izingxenye zensimbi engagqwali ngenkathi kugcinwa ukumelana nokugqwala. Izinqubo zokuqedela ubuso, okubandakanya ukucwenga, ukuxukutshwa, kanye nokudubula kwamajoyinti, kuthuthukisa ukubukeka kanye nezici zokusebenza. Ubuchwepheshe ekwenzeni amashidi ensimbi engagqwali kuqinisekisa imiphumela efanele kakhulu emaphrojekthi okukhiqiza.

Izinsimbi ezicwebezelayo (stainless steel sheets) ziza nezinhlobonhlobo zeziphetho ezithinta kokubili ukubukeka nokusebenza. Iziphetho ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa iNo. 1 (ezigoqwe ngomlilo), iNo. 2B (ezicwebezelayo ezigoqwe abandayo), kanye neNo. 4 (ezinokuhlanzwa okubushelelezi), ngayinye inikeza amazinga ahlukene obushelelezi nokukhanya. Iziphetho ezifana nesibuko zinikeza ukukhanya okuphezulu kwezinhloso zokuhlobisa, kanti iziphetho ezibuthuntu nezinokuhlanzwa zinciphisa ukukhanya okungadingekile futhi zithuthukise ukumelana nokuklwejwa.

Ukukhethwa kokuqeda kuncike ezidingweni zokusebenzisa - noma ngabe kunezinto zokwakha, izinto zasekhishini, noma izingxenye zezimboni. Ukuqeda kahle akuqhubekiseli phambili ukubukeka okuhle kuphela kodwa futhi kunikela ekuqineni kwempahla nokulula ukuyinakekela.

Ukukhetha umphakeli wethebula lensimbi engagqwalisi ethembekile kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi, ukulethwa ngesikhathi, kanye namanani ancintisanayo. Izinto okufanele uzicabangele zihlanganisa amakhono omphakeli wokukhiqiza, izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi, izitifiketi, kanye nodumo embonini. I-Guangdong Shiji Feiyang Metal Manufacturing Co., Ltd. igqama njengomphakeli wethebula lensimbi engagqwalisi ethembekile, enikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezigaba nama-finish enziwe ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende.

Ukusebenzisana nomphakeli onolwazi oluqonda izidingo ezahlukahlukene zemboni kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empumelelweni yephrojekthi. Ukuzibophezela kwenkampani ekhwalithini nasekuqanjweni okusha kuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende athola amashidi ensimbi engagqwali ahlangabezana namazinga aphezulu. Ngolwazi olubanzi ngemikhiqizo kanye nemibuzo, vakashela ku-Imikhiqizo ikhasi noma ufunde kabanzi ngomoya wenkampani ku-Mayelana Nathi ikhasi.

Amashidi ensimbi engagqwali ahlala eyinto ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, enikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okungafani, amandla omshini, nokuguquguquka ezimbonini eziningi. Kusukela kumathuluzi ezokwelapha kuya ezingxenyeni zezindiza, indima yawo ibalulekile ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo eqinile futhi enhle. I-Guangdong Shiji Feiyang Metal Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ibonisa ubuhle ekukhiqizeni amashidi ensimbi engagqwali, ihlanganisa izindlela zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe nendlela egxile kumakhasimende ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukene zezimboni.

Amabhizinisi afuna abahlinzeki abathembekile bamashidi ensimbi engagqwali, ukubambisana nabakhiqizi abanolwazi njengeGuangdong Shiji Feiyang kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ezintweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokwesekwa kochwepheshe. Hlola izinto ezihlinzekwa yinkampani futhi uhlale unolwazi ngezinto ezintsha embonini ngokusebenzisa ingxenye yabo ye-Izindaba ingxenye. Yamukela izinzuzo zamashidi ensimbi engagqwali ukuze uphakamise amaphrojekthi akho okukhiqiza ngokuzethemba nangobuchule.